BOSTON, March 23 ? The presidential campaign of former Gov. Mitt Romney, R-Mass., issued the following news release:
?Today Obamacare is two years old, but the American people are not celebrating, and neither is the White House.
We must repeal this law immediately.? ? Mitt Romney
Today in Metairie, Louisiana, MittRomney leveled harsh criticism against President Obama?s failed health care reform. ?It was always a liberal pipedream that a 2,700 page, multi-trillion dollar federal takeover could actually address the very serious problems we face with health care,? said Romney. ?Sadly, the law itself is fast becoming the national nightmare that I and other critics have always predicted.? Romney noted that, contrary to President Obama?s claims in promoting the law, costs are already exceeding projections, insurance premiums are expected to rise dramatically, millions of Americans are facing the loss of their health plans, and Medicare beneficiaries are bracing for substantial cuts.
Romney repeated his commitment to repeal Obamacare, and outlined his vision for a health care system guided by state flexibility, market competition, and consumer choice that will provide higher quality care at a lower cost to all Americans. ?Everyone can agree that health care is broken,? said Romney. ?So the last thing we should do is allow Obamacare to freeze the current system in place. Instead, we need to encourage innovation at every level. States should have the flexibility to pursue new policy approaches. Insurers and providers should have the opportunity to compete in a genuine market. Most importantly, patients should have the information and control they need to make choices about what they actually want.?
Romney also announced members of his Health Care Policy Advisory Group: Scott Atlas, Tom Barker, Scott Gottlieb, Paul Howard, and Tevi Troy. This group will help Romney design policies that will strengthen the health care system nationally while giving states the power to innovate and individuals the power to control their own health care decisions. ?I?m honored to have the support of this thoughtful and experienced group of advisors,? said Romney. ?I look forward to working with them to help deliver the health care system that the American people want.?
?I think I speak for all members of the group in saying that we are thrilled to be supporting Governor Romney and working with him on this critical issue,? said Troy. ?He has been a strong, conservative leader on health care reform and I believe he is the one candidate who can reverse the damage done by President Obama and put this nation on a path to market-based health care reform.?
A Health Care System Guided By State Flexibility, Market Competition, And Consumer Choice
As president, Mitt Romney will repeal Obamacare. This effort will begin on Day One, by issuing an Executive Order paving the way for Obamacare waivers to all fifty states. Then, he will pursue reforms at the national level that will create the conditions for a thriving, market-based health care system. These include:
Restoring State Leadership And Flexibility
Romney will begin by returning states to their proper place in charge of regulating local insurance markets and caring for the poor, uninsured, and chronically ill. States will have both the incentive and the flexibility to experiment, learn from one another, and craft the approaches best suited to their own citizens.
* Block grant Medicaid and other payments to states
* Limit federal standards and requirements on both private insurance and Medicaid coverage
* Ensure flexibility to help the uninsured, including public-private partnerships, exchanges, and subsidies
* Ensure flexibility to help the chronically ill, including high-risk pools, reinsurance, and risk adjustment
* Offer innovation grants to explore non-litigation alternatives to dispute resolution
Promoting Free Markets And Fair Competition
Competition drives improvements in efficiency and effectiveness, offering consumers higher quality goods and services at lower cost. It can have the same effect in the health care system, if given the chance to work.
* Cap non-economic damages in medical malpractice lawsuits
* Empower individuals and small businesses to form purchasing pools
* Prevent discrimination against individuals with pre-existing conditions who maintain continuous coverage
* Facilitate IT interoperability
Empowering Consumer Choice
For markets to work, consumers must have the information and the power to make decisions about their own care. Placing the patient at the center of the process will drive quality up and cost down while ensuring that services are designed to provide what Americans actually want.
* End tax discrimination against the individual purchase of insurance
* Allow consumers to purchase insurance across state lines
* Unshackle HSAs by allowing funds to be used for insurance premiums
* Promote ?co-insurance? products
* Promote alternatives to ?fee for service?
* Encourage ?Consumer Reports?-type ratings of alternative insurance plans
Background On Members Of The Romney Health Care Policy Advisory Group:
Scott Atlas is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution and a professor and the chief of neuroradiology at the Stanford University Medical Center.
Tom Barker served as Deputy General Counsel at the Department of Health and Human Services from 2003 to 2007 and as General Counsel in 2008.
Scott Gottlieb served as Deputy Commissioner for Medical and Scientific Affairs at the Food and Drug Administration from 2005 to 2007. He is currently a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and a practicing physician.
Paul Howard is a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute and director of the Institute?s Center for Medical Progress.
Tevi Troy served as Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services from 2007 to 2009. He is currently a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute.
There have been some rumors floating around saying that the next-generation Xbox console will feature anti-rental technology, meaning that the console would be able to lock out players if the system detects that the game they?re trying to play wasn?t purchased as new. So if you bought a second-hand game and tried to play it on your Xbox console, you?d be unable to play it because it was registered to the original owner of the game?s console. A system like this would kill the secondhand and rental market, spelling trouble for a number of video game retailers out there. However, GameStop isn?t worried about it.
In an investor conference call, GameStop?s CEO Paul Raines said, ?We think it?s unlikely that there would be that next-gen console because the model simply hasn?t been proven to work. Remember, used video games have a residual value. Remember GameStop generates $1.2 billion of trade credits around the world with our used game model. So, consider taking used games out of that, you?d have to find new ways to sell the games?And, our partners are good partners. The console companies have great relationships with us?.
Since the next Xbox is still a long way off from entering our living rooms, it?s too early to tell what could happen. But having this anti-rental technology doesn?t seem like a very good idea. After all, if you were to play your game at a friend?s house, you?d have to bring your Xbox along. Or if your Xbox was destroyed and you bought a new one, you wouldn?t be able to play your old games either. Sounds pretty silly to me. What do you think?
Related articles: No Xbox 720 announcement at this year's E3 Xbox 720 won't have a disc drive? Xbox 720 to have a touchscreen controller?
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Protesters hold cans of ice tea and Skittles which is what the 17-year-old Trayvon Martin is reported to have been carrying when he was killed by neighborhood watch person, George Zimmerman.
By msnbc.com staff
Updated at 8:09 a.m. ET: The death of Trayvon Martin, the unarmed 17-year-old shot earlier this month by a neighborhood watch volunteer, has prompted a protest aimed at the police department that initially investigated the case. The weapon: Skittles.
A campaign mounted through Facebook and Twitter is asking people to mail packages of the candy to Bill Lee, police chief of the Sanford Police Department, which released the man who shot Martin after questioning. The campaign has been touted at the DailyKos.com and theurbandaily.com.
They?ve chosen Skittles because that?s what Martin was carrying when George Zimmerman, 28, spotted Martin, a black teen who was walking home from a convenience store at night in a gated community. Zimmerman told police he shot Martin in self-defense after a confrontation.
Mom: Trayvon Martin was killed because of 'the color of his skin'
The Sanford City Commission passed a vote of "no confidence" in police Chief Bill Lee Wednesday night over his handling of the Trayvon Martin shooting. Meanwhile, hundreds of demonstrators assembled a "Million Hoodie March" in New York City to call for the arrest of Martin's killer. NBC's Lilia Luciano reports.
Martin?s death set off protests around the United States from people demanding that Zimmerman?s actions be investigated. More than 818,000 people have signed a petition on Change.org, a social action website, calling for his arrest, Reuters reported.
At a rally Wednesday evening in New York attended by Martin's parents, protesters held signs decorated with Skittles.
PhotoBlog: Showing support for Trayvon Martin
In a statement, a spokeswoman for Skittles said: "We are deeply saddened by the news of Trayvon Martin's death and express our sincere condolences to his family and friends. We also respect their privacy and feel it inappropriate to get involved or comment further as we would never wish for our actions to be perceived as an attempt of commercial gain following this tragedy.?
Savannah Guthrie, TODAY's legal correspondent, and Star Jones, a former prosecutor, discuss whether public outrage over the Trayvon Martin shooting will lead to the arrest of his killer, neighborhood watch volunteer George Zimmerman.
BAMAKO, Mali (AP) ? Drunk soldiers looted Mali's presidential palace hours after they declared a coup on Thursday, suspending the constitution and dissolving the institutions of one of the few established democracies in this troubled corner of Africa.
The whereabouts of the country's 63-year-old president Amadou Toumani Toure, who was just one month away from stepping down after a decade in office, could not be confirmed.
The soldier heading the group of putschists said on state television late Thursday that Toure is "doing well and is safe." Capt. Amadou Haya Sanogo refused to say where the ousted leader is being kept, and did not make clear if they are holding him.
The scene in this normally serene capital was unsettling to those proud of Mali's history as one of the few mature democracies in the region. Soldiers smelling of alcohol ripped flat-screen TVs, computer monitors, printers and photocopiers out of the presidential palace, carting them off in plain sight. Others in pickup trucks zoomed across the broad avenues, holding beer bottles in one hand and firing automatic weapons with the other.
The mutineers said they were overthrowing the government because of its mishandling of an ethnic Tuareg insurgency in the country's north that began in January. Soldiers sent to fight the separatists have been killed in large numbers, often after being sent to the battlefield with inadequate arms and food supplies, prompting fierce criticism of the government.
The coup began Wednesday, after young recruits mutinied at a military camp near the capital. The rioting spread to a garrison thousands of miles (kilometers) away in the strategic northern town of Gao.
At dawn on Thursday, some 20 soldiers huddled behind a table, facing the camera on state television. They introduced themselves as the National Committee for the Reestablishment of Democracy and the Restoration of the State, known by its French acronym, CNRDR.
"The CNRDR representing all the elements of the armed forces, defensive forces and security forces has decided to assume its responsibilities and end the incompetent and disavowed regime of Amadou Toumani Toure," they said, reading from a statement. "The objective of the CNRDR does not in any way aim to confiscate power, and we solemnly swear to return power to a democratically elected president as soon as national unity and territorial integrity are established."
The soldiers said they intended to hand over power to an elected government, though they made no mention of the fact that elections were supposed to be held on April 29. Toure was not in the race, as he has already served the maximum two terms.
Criticism of the coup was swift. France is suspending all government cooperation with Mali, except for aid. In Washington, State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said officials were meeting to discuss whether to cut off the $137 million in annual U.S. assistance.
The United Nations Security Council issued a statement denouncing the coup, calling for the safety and security of the president, for the troops to return to their barracks, and for the restoration of democracy.
The coup is a major setback for Mali, a landlocked nation of 15.4 million which is dirt-poor but fiercely proud of its democratic credentials. The current president, a former parachutist in the army, came to power himself in a 1991 coup. He surprised the world when he handed power to civilians, becoming known as "The Soldier of Democracy." A decade later, he won the 2002 election and was re-elected in 2007. There was never any question that Toure ? known by his initials ATT ? would step down at the end of his term next month.
"The situation is grave for our democracy and our republican institutions," said Ali Nouhoum Diallo, the former president of Mali's National Assembly. "We cannot approve the seizing of power through force."
The last statement from the presidency came via Twitter from the government's official account. Late Wednesday, they said: "This is not a coup. It's just a mutiny."
But as the sound of heavy weapons rang out, the emboldened soldiers encircled the palace. Contacted by telephone, an officer at the palace who requested anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the press said that the president's bodyguards had failed to fight the renegade soldiers when they burst in. They searched the grounds but could not find Toure.
The mutinous soldiers imposed a nationwide curfew. A flight headed to Bamako was forced to make a u-turn in the air after the borders were closed. At noon, soldiers were still riding on scooters and in pickup trucks shooting in the air, and local media was reporting casualties from stray bullets.
At midday Thursday, coup spokesman Lt. Amadou Konare ordered soldiers to stop randomly shooting, and called on the population to stay calm in a communique read on state television.
In recent years, the U.S. military has been helping train Malian troops in counterterrorism tactics to fight al-Qaida-linked militants who have established bases in Mali's northern desert, the same area that is now beset by a Tuareg uprising.
A traditionally nomadic people spread across the Sahara Desert, the Tuaregs have risen up against the central government in Mali several times since the country's independence from France in 1960.
The newest rebellion launched in mid-January broke years of relative peace, and has been fueled by the return of Tuaregs from Libya who had fought in Moammar Gadhafi's army.
After briefing the Security Council late Thursday, the U.N.'s head of political affairs B. Lynn Pascoe was asked if the coup in Mali was connected to Tuareg alliances with Gadhafi.
"Of course there is a relationship," Pascoe said, adding that an estimated 1,500 to 2,000 Tuaregs had returned to Mali after Gadhafi's fall. "They clearly added much more firepower and drive to this operation, which made it very difficult for the Malian army to deal with."
___
Associated Press writers Rukmini Callimachi in Dakar, Senegal, Bradley Klapper in Washington and Edith M. Lederer and Peter James Spielmann at the United Nations contributed to this report.
(This version CORRECTS the spelling of Tuareg spelling.)
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Australia's prolonged whooping cough epidemic has entered a disturbing new phase, with a study showing a new strain or genotype may be responsible for the sharp rise in the number of cases.
A team of Australian scientists, led by the University of New South Wales (UNSW), believe this emerging new genotype (called prn2-ptxP3) of the Bordetella pertussis bacterium may be evading the protective effects of the current acellular vaccine (ACV), and increasing the incidence of the potentially fatal respiratory illness, according to the study published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases.
The new genotype also has been detected in other countries, suggesting it has the potential to spark epidemics elsewhere and should be closely monitored, the researchers warn.
"The prolonged whooping cough epidemic in Australia that began during 2008 has been predominantly caused by the new genotype of B. pertussis," said one of the study authors, Associate Professor Ruiting Lan, of the UNSW School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences.
"The genotype was responsible for 31 percent of cases in the 10 years before the epidemic, and that's now jumped to 84 percent ? a nearly three-fold increase, indicating it has gained a selective advantage under the current vaccination regime.
"The vaccine is still the best way to reduce transmission of the disease and reduce cases, but it appears to be less effective against the new strain and immunity wanes more rapidly. We need to look at changes to the vaccine itself or increase the number of boosters," Associate Professor Lan said.
Last year about 38,000 cases of the life-threatening disease were reported nationally, despite Australians having a relatively high vaccine uptake.
The authors said the increase in the number of whooping cough notifications may be partly due to recent improvements in diagnostic tests, which means that mild or atypical cases in older children or adults are now more likely to be correctly identified. However, this does not explain the marked increase in hospital admissions, especially of very young children who are not fully immunised, in whom the diagnosis is much easier.
Associate Professor Lan's laboratory team ? led by postdoctoral research associate Dr Sophie Octavia ? analysed close to 200 samples of the B. pertussis bacterium, collected from 2008 to 2010 over four states, NSW, Vic, SA and WA.
The team worked closely with researchers from the Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology at Westmead (A/Prof Vitali Sintchenko and Prof Lyn Gilbert), Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide (Dr Andrew Lawrence), Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth (Dr Tony Keil); and Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, The University of Melbourne (Dr Geoff Hogg).
The findings suggest that while the current vaccination remains effective against most forms of whooping cough, its use could be contributing to the emergence of new and potentially more dangerous clones, Associate Professor Lan said.
First introduced in Australia in 1997, the ACV vaccination replaced the whole-cell vaccine (WCV), due to concerns about the latter's side-effects.
"The whole cell vaccine contained hundreds of antigens, which gave broad protection against many strains of B. pertussis," said Associate Professor Lan. "But the acellular vaccine contains only three to five antigens.
"If the ACV is less effective against these new strains, we need to ask what other strategies can be used to combat the epidemic, which is ongoing."
There has been growing concern among public health officials about the rising incidence of whooping cough in Australia. The death rate for babies under the age of six months who catch pertussis is one in 200, according to NSW Health, which says adults and adolescents are at particular risk of contracting the disease and can pass it on to babies who are too young to be immunised.
In NSW, vaccinations are routinely given to infants at two, four and six months. The first dose can be given as early as 6 weeks of age. Boosters are needed at age four and again in high school. NSW Health also recommends that new parents and carers of young infants receive boosters.
###
University of New South Wales: http://www.unsw.edu.au
Thanks to University of New South Wales for this article.
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ScienceDaily (Mar. 19, 2012) ? Just like a road atlas faithfully maps real-word locations, our brain maps many aspects of our physical world: Sensory inputs from our fingers are mapped next to each other in the somatosensory cortex; the auditory system is organized by sound frequency; and the various tastes are signaled in different parts of the gustatory cortex.
The olfactory system was believed to map similarly, where groups of chemically related odorants -- amines, ketones, or esters, for example -- register with clusters of cells that are laid out next to each other. When researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research traced individual odor molecules' signal deep into the brain, they found evidence that this "chemotopic" hypothesis of olfaction is insufficient, paving the way for a new model of how the sense of smell works, and how it came about.
"When we mapped the individual chemical features of different odorants, they mapped all over the olfactory bulb, which processes incoming olfactory information," says Associate Investigator C. Ron Yu, PhD, who led the study published in this week's online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "From the animal's perspective that makes perfect sense. The chemical structure of an odor molecule is not what's important to them. They really just want to learn about their environment and associate olfactory information with food or other relevant information."
The brain receives information about odors from olfactory receptors, which are embedded in the membrane of sensory neurons in the nasal cavity. Any time an odor molecule interacts with a receptor, an electrical signal travels to so-called glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Each glomerulus receives input from olfactory receptor neurons expressing only one type of olfactory receptor. The overall glomerular activation patterns within the olfactory bulb are thought to represent specific odors.
"Chemotopy is a very attractive model," says Yu. But it had never been mapped accurately based on the earlier available technologies and recent experiments suggested that the chemotopic hypothesis breaks down at a fine level. To increase the resolution of the "olfactory map," Yu and his team generated a new line of transgenic mice with superb sensitivity and devised equipment that allowed them to deliver hundreds of odor stimuli to a single mouse.
When the Stowers researchers examined the activation pattern at the level of single glomeruli, they found that certain odors activated glomeruli within a distinct area of the olfactory bulb, while others signaled to glomeruli located all over the map. Odors from different classes intermingled, too, suggesting that the glomeruli have not evolved to only detect the chemical shapes of specific odorants.
This makes sense, as there are hundreds of thousands of odors, says Limei Ma, PhD, a research specialist at Stowers and first author on the new study. "Many of them could be really novel to the organism, something they never encountered before," she says. "The system must have the capability to recognize and encode anything."
So if glomeruli didn't have a fidelity to certain molecular shapes, as the chemotopic hypothesis had suggested, what did unite them? The team was led to a "tunotopic" hypothesis of the olfactory system. Individual olfactory receptors are "tuned" during evolution not to one particular kind of odorant, but to a variety of molecules. In combination, these receptors can then respond to those millions of smells. Glomeruli with similar tuning properties tend to be near each other. From a computing standpoint, this arrangement helps to enhance contrast among similar odors, explains Ma.
"The evolution of these receptors is not dictated by the chemical structures that they recognize," says Yu. "Most of our receptors have descended from a few common ancestral genes. Initially, they are more likely tuned to similar odors. When receptors accumulate mutations, it adds to their repertoire of natural odors they recognize."
Imagine a roomful of musicians. In chemotopy, the musicians are clustered according to their instruments and never play with other instruments. The team's tunotopic hypothesis is closer to an actual symphony: Different instruments overlap to create many more different sounds than the individual ones could.
Yu and his team think, further, that the tunotopic hypothesis may help us understand visual, auditory, and somatosensory processing as well. In the case of olfaction, tunotopy allows the animal to better distinguish among the nuances of odors. That precision, from an evolutionary perspective, would come in handy as the animal sorted through its environment.
It also helps us adapt to a constantly changing world.
"When you have a new chemical synthesized, like new perfumes and food flavors, you don't have to create new brain regions to react to it," says Ma. "What you do is use the existing receptors to sense all these chemicals and then tell your brain whether this is novel, whether it's similar, or whether it's something really strange."
Researcher who also contributed to the work include Qiang Qiu, Elden Q. Yu, Richard Alexander and Winfried Wiegraebe at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Stephen Gradwohl, a former Stowers Scholar and now at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and Aaron Scott, formerly at the Stowers Institute and now at the University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.
The work was supported by funding from the Stowers Institute and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders.
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A Second Take on Meeting the Press: From an up-close look at Rachel Maddow's sneakers to an in-depth look at Jon Krakauer's latest book ? it's all fair game in our "Meet the Press: Take Two" web extra. Log on Sundays to see David Gregory's post-show conversations with leading newsmakers, authors and roundtable guests. Videos are available on-demand by 12 p.m. ET on Sundays.
Infection prevention groups outline steps needed to preserve antibioticsPublic release date: 19-Mar-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Liz Garman egarman@apic.org 202-454-2604 Association for Professionals in Infection Control
APIC, SHEA issue position paper on role of infection preventionists and health care epidemiologists in antimicrobial stewardship
Washington, March 19, 2012 Infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists play key roles in promoting effective antimicrobial stewardship in collaboration with other health professionals, according to a joint position paper published today by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) in their respective peer-review journals, the American Journal of Infection Control and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology.
Antimicrobial agents, which include antibiotics and similar drugs, are effective, but the intended target -- microorganisms that cause infections -- can quickly develop resistance by a variety of mechanisms. The World Health Organization considers misuse and overuse of antimicrobials one of the top three threats to human health. These issues can lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MDROs cause a significant proportion of serious healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and are more difficult to treat because there are fewer and, in some cases, no antibiotics that will cure the infection.
Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) encourage optimal, prudent antimicrobial use across healthcare settings. The APIC-SHEA paper highlights the importance of infection prevention professionals known as infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists in effective ASPs. This position paper comes at a crucial time as the pipeline of new antibiotics has dwindled with very few new antibiotics in development. Therefore, prevention of infection and antimicrobial stewardship are critical tools -- especially to help prevent C. difficile infections as highlighted recently in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vital Signs report.
"The skills and knowledge each of these highly skilled professionals bring to a facility's antimicrobial stewardship programs, when combined with other disciplines, can accelerate progress toward preventing emergence and cross transmission of MDROs," state the authors. "Antimicrobial stewardship programs must harness the talents of all members of the healthcare team."
Antimicrobial stewardship programs and interventions help healthcare professionals know when antibiotics are needed and what the best treatment choices are for a particular patient. These programs help preserve the efficacy of antibiotics while improving quality patient care by effectively treating the underlying infection.
Antimicrobial stewardship programs effectively identify the organism, prescribe the most appropriate empiric antibiotic that will destroy it, institute precautions to prevent its spread to others, and once susceptibility is known, narrow the treatment to a more precise choice.
"Infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists play a pivotal role in this approach by assisting with prompt detection of MDROs and promoting compliance with standard and transmission-based precautions," said workgroup chair Julia Moody, MS, SM(ASCP), of HCA, Inc. "Infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists also facilitate use of other infection prevention strategies such as care bundle practices aimed at preventing bloodstream, urinary, and respiratory tract infections; hand hygiene; and education on prevention for staff, patients, and visitors. Effective prevention strategies minimize HAIs, decrease the use of additional antibiotics, and reduce MDROs."
###
Notes for editors
"Antimicrobial stewardship: A collaborative partnership between infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists," by Julia Moody, Sara E. Cosgrove, Russell Olmsted, Edward Septimus, Kathy Aureden, Shannon Oriola, Gita Wasan Patel, and Kavita Trivedi, appears in the American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 40, Issue 2 (March 2012), and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Volume 33, Issue 4 (April 2012).
For more information, visit APIC's dedicated page on antimicrobial stewardship and SHEA's dedicated page on AS.
Kavita K. Trivedi, MD
Center for Health Care Quality, California Department of Public Health
About AJIC
American Journal of Infection Control (www.ajicjournal.org) covers key topics and issues in infection control and epidemiology. Infection preventionists, including physicians, nurses, and epidemiologists, rely on AJIC for peer-reviewed articles covering clinical topics as well as original research. As the official publication of APIC, AJIC is the foremost resource on infection control, epidemiology, infectious diseases, quality management, occupational health, and disease prevention. AJIC also publishes infection control guidelines from APIC and the CDC. Published by Elsevier, AJIC is included in MEDLINE and CINAHL.
About ICHE
Published through a partnership between the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and The University of Chicago Press, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology provides original, peer-reviewed scientific articles for anyone involved with an infection control or epidemiology program in a hospital or healthcare facility. ICHE is ranked 15 out of 140 journals in its discipline in the latest Journal Citation Reports from Thomson Reuters.
About APIC
APIC's mission is to create a safer world through prevention of infection. The association's more than 14,000 members direct infection prevention programs that save lives and improve the bottom line for hospitals and other healthcare facilities. APIC advances its mission through patient safety, implementation science, competencies and certification, advocacy, and data standardization. Follow APIC on Twitter: http://twitter.com/apic.
About SHEA
SHEA is a professional society representing more than 2,000 physicians and other healthcare professionals around the world with expertise in healthcare epidemiology and infection prevention and control. SHEA's mission is to prevent and control healthcare-associated infections and advance the field of healthcare epidemiology. The society leads this field by promoting science and research and providing high-quality education and training in epidemiologic methods and prevention strategies. SHEA upholds the value and critical contributions of healthcare epidemiology to improving patient care and healthcare worker safety in all healthcare settings. Visit SHEA online at www.shea-online.org.
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Infection prevention groups outline steps needed to preserve antibioticsPublic release date: 19-Mar-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Liz Garman egarman@apic.org 202-454-2604 Association for Professionals in Infection Control
APIC, SHEA issue position paper on role of infection preventionists and health care epidemiologists in antimicrobial stewardship
Washington, March 19, 2012 Infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists play key roles in promoting effective antimicrobial stewardship in collaboration with other health professionals, according to a joint position paper published today by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) in their respective peer-review journals, the American Journal of Infection Control and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology.
Antimicrobial agents, which include antibiotics and similar drugs, are effective, but the intended target -- microorganisms that cause infections -- can quickly develop resistance by a variety of mechanisms. The World Health Organization considers misuse and overuse of antimicrobials one of the top three threats to human health. These issues can lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MDROs cause a significant proportion of serious healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and are more difficult to treat because there are fewer and, in some cases, no antibiotics that will cure the infection.
Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) encourage optimal, prudent antimicrobial use across healthcare settings. The APIC-SHEA paper highlights the importance of infection prevention professionals known as infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists in effective ASPs. This position paper comes at a crucial time as the pipeline of new antibiotics has dwindled with very few new antibiotics in development. Therefore, prevention of infection and antimicrobial stewardship are critical tools -- especially to help prevent C. difficile infections as highlighted recently in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vital Signs report.
"The skills and knowledge each of these highly skilled professionals bring to a facility's antimicrobial stewardship programs, when combined with other disciplines, can accelerate progress toward preventing emergence and cross transmission of MDROs," state the authors. "Antimicrobial stewardship programs must harness the talents of all members of the healthcare team."
Antimicrobial stewardship programs and interventions help healthcare professionals know when antibiotics are needed and what the best treatment choices are for a particular patient. These programs help preserve the efficacy of antibiotics while improving quality patient care by effectively treating the underlying infection.
Antimicrobial stewardship programs effectively identify the organism, prescribe the most appropriate empiric antibiotic that will destroy it, institute precautions to prevent its spread to others, and once susceptibility is known, narrow the treatment to a more precise choice.
"Infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists play a pivotal role in this approach by assisting with prompt detection of MDROs and promoting compliance with standard and transmission-based precautions," said workgroup chair Julia Moody, MS, SM(ASCP), of HCA, Inc. "Infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists also facilitate use of other infection prevention strategies such as care bundle practices aimed at preventing bloodstream, urinary, and respiratory tract infections; hand hygiene; and education on prevention for staff, patients, and visitors. Effective prevention strategies minimize HAIs, decrease the use of additional antibiotics, and reduce MDROs."
###
Notes for editors
"Antimicrobial stewardship: A collaborative partnership between infection preventionists and healthcare epidemiologists," by Julia Moody, Sara E. Cosgrove, Russell Olmsted, Edward Septimus, Kathy Aureden, Shannon Oriola, Gita Wasan Patel, and Kavita Trivedi, appears in the American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 40, Issue 2 (March 2012), and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Volume 33, Issue 4 (April 2012).
For more information, visit APIC's dedicated page on antimicrobial stewardship and SHEA's dedicated page on AS.
Kavita K. Trivedi, MD
Center for Health Care Quality, California Department of Public Health
About AJIC
American Journal of Infection Control (www.ajicjournal.org) covers key topics and issues in infection control and epidemiology. Infection preventionists, including physicians, nurses, and epidemiologists, rely on AJIC for peer-reviewed articles covering clinical topics as well as original research. As the official publication of APIC, AJIC is the foremost resource on infection control, epidemiology, infectious diseases, quality management, occupational health, and disease prevention. AJIC also publishes infection control guidelines from APIC and the CDC. Published by Elsevier, AJIC is included in MEDLINE and CINAHL.
About ICHE
Published through a partnership between the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and The University of Chicago Press, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology provides original, peer-reviewed scientific articles for anyone involved with an infection control or epidemiology program in a hospital or healthcare facility. ICHE is ranked 15 out of 140 journals in its discipline in the latest Journal Citation Reports from Thomson Reuters.
About APIC
APIC's mission is to create a safer world through prevention of infection. The association's more than 14,000 members direct infection prevention programs that save lives and improve the bottom line for hospitals and other healthcare facilities. APIC advances its mission through patient safety, implementation science, competencies and certification, advocacy, and data standardization. Follow APIC on Twitter: http://twitter.com/apic.
About SHEA
SHEA is a professional society representing more than 2,000 physicians and other healthcare professionals around the world with expertise in healthcare epidemiology and infection prevention and control. SHEA's mission is to prevent and control healthcare-associated infections and advance the field of healthcare epidemiology. The society leads this field by promoting science and research and providing high-quality education and training in epidemiologic methods and prevention strategies. SHEA upholds the value and critical contributions of healthcare epidemiology to improving patient care and healthcare worker safety in all healthcare settings. Visit SHEA online at www.shea-online.org.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) ? Consider it a good weekend for teams hailing from Ohio.
Four teams from the state are heading to the regional semifinals, with the 13th-seeded Ohio Bobcats leading the way after getting 21 points from Walter Offutt in a 62-56 upset of South Florida on Sunday night.
Ohio advanced to the regional semifinals for the first time since 1964, earning a matchup against top-seeded North Carolina in the Midwest Regional on Friday.
Offutt, who hit two free throws with 6.8 seconds left to preserve a 65-60 upset of Michigan on Friday night, knows the encounter with the Tar Heels isn't going to be anything like the last time he faced them ? when he was a bench player for Ohio State.
"It's going to be different knowing that I'm going into the game and I have to contribute for our team to possibly win the game," said Offutt, who transferred from Ohio State to Ohio with a brief stop at Wright State in between.
Ohio is the seventh team seeded No. 13 or higher to advance to the regional semifinals and the first since No. 13 Bradley did it in 2006.
In Nashville's other third-round game, sixth-seeded Cincinnati edged Florida State 62-59 to reach its first regional semifinal since 2011. The Bearcats will play No. 2 seed Ohio State in Boston on Thursday night.
A fourth team from Ohio, Cincinnati's crosstown rival Xavier, beat Lehigh 70-58 on Sunday in Greensboro, N.C., to advance to the round of 16 for the fourth time in five years.
Cincinnati guard Sean Kilpatrick had no idea his team was the fourth from the Buckeye State to advance.
"We were just so amped about being in the Sweet 16," he said. "I'll just say we're quite worried about Cincinnati on what we've got to do and what we've got to focus on to win the next game."
The Bobcats and the Bearcats had far closer calls than their counterparts in their third-round games.
Although the Bulls managed to keep the Bobcats away from the rim, they couldn't stop them at the perimeter. Half of Ohio's second-half buckets were 3s, and the Bobcats finished 9 of 18 from long range.
South Florida's Jawanza Poland was called for a technical foul after hanging on the rim following a dunk. Nick Kellogg sank both free throws and a 3-pointer that tied the game at 42 with 9:23 to play.
Ohio trailed by two when Offutt swished a 3-pointer, launching a 10-0 run for the Bobcats. A pair of free throws by D.J. Cooper made it 54-46 with 3:28 left.
The Bobcats had a 59-53 lead when Toarlyn Fitzpatrick connected for South Florida's first 3-pointer of the half. But Cooper went 3 for 4 from the line while the Bulls missed three shots in the final 36 seconds.
"Success breeds success," said Ohio coach John Groce, who has led the Bobcats to their second NCAA tournament in four years. "It builds more confidence."
Cincinnati and Florida State traded the lead 19 times and were tied 11, and neither team led by more than three in the second half until the Bearcats scored seven straight points.
Sean Kilpatrick hit a free throw tying it up at 50 points, and then Dion Dixon stole the ball from Luke Loucks in front of the Cincinnati bench as Florida State tried to bring the ball up against the Bearcats' press. Dixon took off and dunked to put Cincinnati ahead for good with 1:32 left.
Cashmere Wright hit a jumper, and Yancy Gates added two free throws for 56-50 lead with 35.3 seconds left. The Bearcats sealed it by hitting all eight free throws in the final 35.3 seconds.
The Seminoles led 29-28 at halftime and were up by five in the first half. But the Bearcats hit 11 of 21 (52.4 percent) overall and 12 of 13 at the free throw line. Cincinnati had a big edge at the line (19 of 23) overall compared to Florida State (12 of 15).
"We're thinking way better than that. We're trying to get past the Sweet 16 and do bigger and better things," Cincinnati guard JaQuon Parker said.
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There have been some rumors floating around saying that the next-generation Xbox console will feature anti-rental technology, meaning that the console would be able to lock out players if the system detects that the game they?re trying to play wasn?t purchased as new. So if you bought a second-hand game and tried to play it on your Xbox console, you?d be unable to play it because it was registered to the original owner of the game?s console. A system like this would kill the secondhand and rental market, spelling trouble for a number of video game retailers out there. However, GameStop isn?t worried about it.
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Public release date: 19-Mar-2012
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