Saturday, April 7, 2012

East Berliner's lifelong passion for vintage fashion

When Josefine Edle von Krepl fled East Berlin just before the Wall fell in 1989, she managed to save her vast hoard of vintage clothing by wrapping her china and glassware in it.

The fashion designer, journalist and mother-of-two was allowed to take many of her belongings with her to the West because she claimed she was leaving communist East Germany to marry, she said.

Her request to leave was granted three months before the detested symbol of nearly three decades of suppression was pulled down heralding the promise of an exciting new future of democracy and freedom.

But Edle von Krepl's lifelong labour of love has been to look to the past through women's fashion.

She has collected over 5,000 items of clothing dating from 1900 until the end of the 1970s that chart social changes for women, wartime shortages, the advent of US influences and new fabrics.

Edle von Krepl, a flame red-haired 68-year-old with her signature long varnished nails who bears a striking resemblance to French fashion designer Sonia Rykiel, can reel off the provenance and, in many cases, the history of all the clothes.

"As an editor I used to go to villages and always asked people if they had old clothes and I bought them. They were sometimes dirty and had to be restored and cleaned which was complicated," she told AFP.

"In the GDR (German Democratic Republic) people used to keep a lot. But there was no understanding for (vintage) and people laughed. Of course after the Wall fell everyone wanted only Western things," she said.

Her passion for vintage fashion was sparked about 55 years ago when, aged 13, Edle von Krepl, who claims not to be fashionable herself, "saved" a black satin dress of her grandmother's which was due to be thrown out.

Her mother's elegant 1937 wedding dress in a buttery yellow hue also takes pride of place. "She was a beautiful woman. It was a poor time... but she always wore something chic and red lipstick," she said.

After many years of hunting for a way to display her collection without being parted from it, the small town of Meyenburg, 140 kilometres (87 miles) north west of Berlin, offered its newly-restored chateau.

About 360 of her items, together with bags, hats, shoes, jewellery and other period accessories, went on view to the public in 2006 at the elegant Modemuseum (Fashion Museum) in the historic building.

Leaving her home city to relocate to the grey, eastern German town was a wrench but the longing for a showcase was stronger and she has now made her home nearby, with her seven cats, in a former vicarage.

"This dress I bought from a woman in Dresden, she's long since dead..," Edle von Krepl says of a dress from around 1900 in one of the display cases.

Among a cluster of turn-of-the-century wedding gowns, a black dress stands out. Edle von Krepl explains that poorer women would dress in black to get married so they could wear the dress again.

She then points to a shimmering white tulle dress worn in 1914 by its owner for her engagement which she planned to wear again on her wedding day with a different coloured underlay.

"I was in Hanover doing a show at a fair which was shown on TV and a woman called and said she wanted to give me a dress," Edle von Krepl said.

"Her fiance went to war and was soon killed, so it never could be a wedding dress. The woman lived on the fourth floor and had trouble walking so I picked her up and brought her to see the show and showed the dress," she said.

"She wept. She never met anyone else."

-- Rescuer Syndrome --

A 1920s dropped-waist dress in a lilac floral pattern was fished out of a rubbish skip after Edle von Krepl spotted the shiny fabric while pushing her son in his buggy past a building site.

"When I find something I must save it. I have 'rescuer syndrome'," she chuckles.

The collection weaves a path through different stages in history -- one dress reflects the public clamour for ancient Egypt after the widely-reported 1922 discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb.

Patchwork frocks made from old clothes during World War II demonstrate women's creativity in times of scarcity together with the requisite hat often made from cutting up their absent menfolk's headgear.

Until the mid-50s most clothes were homemade but as it became more usual for women to work leaving less time to sew, clothing was increasingly shop-bought, Edle von Krepl explained.

Colours became brighter in the post-war decade as US glamour took hold.

Edle von Krepl said she likes finding "little mistakes" in clothes -- and imagining the story behind them.

"Either she died, or said 'I can't do any more' or it was the ball and she needed the dress," she says fondly of a black evening frock with masses of tiny handstitched glass pearls across the front but with far fewer on the back.

Her collection includes a few top labels but she said her main criteria are always the design, fabric and cut, and that the clothing must have been worn.

Her Austrian parents moved to Germany during the war when her engineer father came to work in an ammunition factory and the family soon moved to Berlin where Edle von Krepl grew up securing a place to study medicine.

But she yearned for "creative work" so studied fashion and journalism instead and learned dressmaking, getting a job as fashion editor for "Fuer Dich", an East German women's magazine, where she worked for 13 years.

Her ideas, however, were deemed "too modern" or "too Western", she said and she decided to open what she describes as the first private boutique in East Berlin in 1980 selling her own designs.

"It was absolute madness," she said recalling the demand. "That was unusual for clothes. We had queues when there were bananas or oranges. I couldn't sew and produce, with all my employees, as quickly as we sold it."

Edle von Krepl has no idea how much she has spent over the years as many items were bought with old GDR currency but she admits to having gone without, at times, in order to buy a vintage item.

Now, her biggest challenge is to find someone to whom she can hand over her "darlings", preferably as a whole, after she retires.

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Interior design, Interior decoration, Interior architecture | Carpet ...

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Friday, April 6, 2012

Gay and lesbian Dating sites | The Diamond Ring Review

Dating web sites are available with regard to one to be able to employ today, so whether you are actually younger or aged, right or gay, guy or female, you will have to locate the excellent web site to maximise your own chances of finding in which particular someone. Homosexual dating sites tend to be, needless to say, created for homosexual folks that want to purchase that throughout conference fresh folks along together with proceeding on dates.

Even even though there are many paid paid dating sites throughout operation the normal ones often attract merely heterosexual people. Which implies that in the wedding that gay along with lesbian individuals carry on aiming in order to meet upward using someone they are likely gonna have attention from a particular person regarding the opposite sexual intercourse, and that is not really just what they are searching for. With a specialist homosexual web site you are able to increase the probability of conference someone from the very identical sex who is additionally enthusiastic about courting as effectively as human relationships.

For gay guys becoming a part of an expert online online dating website implies that these people should have the opportunity to talk to as nicely as experience additional gay guys that are in add-on buying a relationship. Since can be the situation with an amount of these sites there are a lot of main explanations why individuals have applied them. A few enroll inside due to the fact there?s no genuine lgbt dating arena of their particular place so online online dating services is probably the most suitable selection for your kids. There are other folks that can may well not be comfy conference individuals directly ahead regarding learning these people. Some basically favor utilizing these web sites given that they feel well advised getting together with men and also women by doing this.

With respect to making utilize of gay websites with reverence to courting the approach is amazingly clear-cut. As could be the circumstance using most similar websites you have got to develop a report and also put inside a photograph if you?d like to maximize your latest membership along along with enhance the probability regarding obtaining a day. There are usually a lot of of gay internet online dating sites available and also the membership expenses along with regular membership intervals may differ through one to a new.

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Thursday, April 5, 2012

Since I are required a fabulous reliable aesthetic health care ...

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Mortgage Applications on the Rise - MH Marketing Sales Management

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Mortgage Bankers Association LogoFrom Housingwire and CoreLogic, MHProNews.com learns that the number of mortgage applications filed in the U.S. jumped 4.8 percent for the week ending March 30. The reason, the Mortgage Bankers Association concludes, is more people started the process of buying a home. Refinancing was also on the rise with a 4 percent increase from the previous week ?Applications to buy a home picked up last week, and are running more than 2 percent above the level reported at this time last year. Home purchase applications for conventional loans are now about 10 percent above last year?s level,? said Michael Fratantoni, the MBA?s vice president of research and economics. ?Applications for government loans increased by more than 10 percent over the week, for both purchase and refinance, likely spurred by borrowers seeking to apply before scheduled increases in FHA mortgage insurance premiums at the beginning of April.?

(Image Credit:?Mortgage Bankers Association Logo)

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Indirect export: A pitfall for internationalizing Chinese SMEs ? China ...

The emerging market of China is not only the second largest recipient of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) following the US. A rapidly increasing level of outward FDI is also seen, being driven by an overheated domestic market and governmental policies such as the ?Go abroad?-policy stated by the Chinese government in 2001. Despite smaller decreases during the recent global recession, FDI from China is all time high and increased with 20 percent from 2009 to 2010. China then surpassed Japan and became the fifth largest country in the world on outward FDI. Still there is a surplus of investments since the inward investments are 1,5 times higher than the outward FDI. A majority of the outward direct investments are undertaken by larger, government-supported multinational corporations. Such firms and their investments were marginally affected by the recent global recession, while the growing exports of smaller privately owned Chinese firms within low-tech industries were more severely hit by the crisis. As a result, these firms restructured and now focus on the domestic market. But what challenges are met for such firms to manage international expansion in the future?

Many private-owned Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are located within industrial clusters for production of consumer goods such as toothbrushes, textile or electrical components. Here they become sub-suppliers to a few larger companies, often referred to as captain companies, which conduct the foreign sales. Thus, the SMEs are indirect exporters selling via domestic intermediaries, thus having limited contact with foreign markets. This is seen as a major obstacle for their further internationalization. Key to handle future international expansion is knowledge and experience of branding and how to sell their products directly to foreign markets. Through the co-location and co-operation in the clusters the firms have the possibility to learn from more experienced firms; through this they could collect general internationalization knowledge to spur their own take off. However, mere co-location does not seem to be enough when there are no formal intentions within the cluster to facilitate international take off by the firms. Instead of making use of joint resources, firms have to operate individually and then they need to find a way to get pass the pitfall of indirect export.

As indirect export involves less risk and costs it is often utilized in the early stages of internationalization, which is the stage in which most Chinese SMEs are positioned since they only had the opportunity to internationalize since the opening up of the market in the 1980s-1990s. In comparison the utilization of domestic intermediaries, trading houses and fairs is less common in mature markets such as Sweden, since it was outdated for efficiency reasons based on the limited access to foreign market and customers. Using domestic firms for international sales does not provide the exporter with any international relationships or experiences. Thereby it is seen to represent a paradox of experiential knowledge, and it also hinders the establishment of international relationships. With no or scarce interaction with foreign customers, the firm will not accumulate any experiential knowledge which is gained from interactions with foreign actors. Instead, Chinese SMEs with indirect export become dependent on their domestic business network as a provider of knowledge and international contacts. In order to reach continued international growth and increased international competitiveness Chinese SMEs need to build up direct relationships with the foreign market. Either through (1) exporting via an intermediary in the foreign market (agent or distributor). Then the customer relationship is still indirect but the firm gets access to market-specific experiential knowledge by interacting with the foreign intermediary. Or through (2) establishing a sales office or production unit abroad (FDI), creating a direct relationship to the foreign customer in the host market.

While indirect export is less risky and costly, direct customer relationships in the foreign market is the most resource-demanding kind of foreign entry since it involves FDI. At the same time, it is advantageous in terms of giving the highest relationship commitment and knowledge accumulation. One way to achieve this for resource-poor Chinese SMEs is collective internationalization, being a new route to internationalization involving Chinese wholesale and retail market platforms abroad, localized for example in Warsaw, Budapest or Dubai. Through either buying or renting one of hundreds of small booths at the platform, a foreign sales office is established through which the firm can create a position in the foreign market business network. Thereby, the trap of indirect export is avoided. A note though; when internationally inexperienced Chinese SMEs go abroad they need to handle the institutional differences between home and host market since these affect the relationship building with the customers in the foreign market. Such distance is reduced through joint learning, economy of scale and scope, and shared risks and uncertainty offered by the market platform. Successful examples of market platforms in Europe were seen to be located in places populated by a Chinese Diaspora, since it offers an extant business network to connect into.

In summary; as a result of the global recession the ongoing expansion of exports by Chinese SMEs faced a rapid decline. But being established in the world?s largest emerging market with a continuous strong economic growth, the home market became an evident substitute. But with future up-swings, international markets should again be an attractive route to growth of Chinese SMEs. The challenge is then to get pass the pitfall of indirect export hindering the accumulation of essential international experience, here the SMEs need to learn how to be competitive in foreign markets and also to establish direct contacts with foreign actors. The importance of the collective character of the Chinese business life for the internationalizing SME is visible, both in a domestic and international perspective, through the dependence on clusters and networks as a way to create a somewhat stabile environment within the rapidly changing business world.

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Susanne Sandberg
PhD International Marketing, Linnaeus University

The ideas brought forward above are based on my thesis: Internationalization processes of small and medium-sized enterprises: Entering and taking off from emerging markets (Sandberg, 2012). Here the international take off by Chinese SMEs is covered through in-depth studies of five Chinese SMEs in the Yangtze River Delta and four Chinese market platforms in China and Europe. Further research on challenges regarding future growth by Chinese firms will be undertaken within the China-Sweden Management Research Center, a collaboration between the Linnaeus University in Sweden and the Zhejiang University in China launched in March 2012.

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Army Wives ?The Storm Is Coming? Umbrella Giveaway

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